Predicting Heart Failure

Edited by

Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni

Qatar University

Doha, Qatar

Hassen M. Ouakad

Sultan Qaboos University

Muscat, Oman

Somaya Al-Maadeed

Qatar University

Doha, Qatar

Huseyin C. Yalcin

Qatar University

Doha, Qatar

Issam Bait Bahadur

Sultan Qaboos University

Muscat, Oman

This edition first published 2022

© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

The right of Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Hassen M. Ouakad, Somaya Al-Maadeed, Huseyin C. Yalcin, and Issam Bait Bahadur to be identified as the authors of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

Registered Offices John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK

Editorial Office 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK

For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kumar Sadasivuni, Kishor, 1986- author. Title: Predicting heart failure : invasive, non-invasive,machine learning and artificial intelligence based methods / edited by Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, [and four others]. Description: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021043721 (print) | LCCN 2021043722 (Obook) | ISBN 9781119813019 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119813026 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119813033 (epub) | ISBN 9781119813040 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Heart failure--Risk factors. | Heart failure--Treatment. | Heart--Diseases--Patients. Classification: LCC RC685.C53 P74 2023 (print) | LCC RC685.C53 (ebook) | DDC 616.1/29--dc23/eng/20211028 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021043721LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021043722

Cover image: Courtesy of Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni

Cover design by Wiley

Set in 9.5/12.5pt STIXTwoText by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India

1 Cover

2 Title page Predicting Heart Failure Invasive, Non-Invasive, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence Based Methods Edited by Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni Qatar University Doha, Qatar Hassen M. Ouakad Sultan Qaboos University Muscat, Oman Somaya Al-Maadeed Qatar University Doha, Qatar Huseyin C. Yalcin Qatar University Doha, Qatar Issam Bait Bahadur Sultan Qaboos University Muscat, Oman

3 Copyright

4 Preface

5 Abbreviations

6 Acknowledgment

7 1 Invasive, Non-Invasive, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence Based Methods for Prediction of Heart Failure

8 2 Conventional Clinical Methods for Predicting Heart Disease

9 3 Types of Biosensors and their Importance in Cardiovascular Applications

10 4 Overview and Challenges of Wireless Communication and Power Transfer for Implanted Sensors

11 5 Minimally Invasive and Non-Invasive Sensor Technologies for Predicting Heart Failure: An Overview

12 6 Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Cardiology: An Overview

13 7 Utilizing Data Mining Classification Algorithms for Early Diagnosis of Heart Disease s

14 8 Applications of Machine Learning for Predicting Heart Failure

15 9 Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting and Managing Heart Failure

16 10 Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Early and Accurate Detection of Low- Concentration CVD Biomarkers

17 11 Commercial Non-Invasive and Invasive Devices for Heart Failure Prediction: A Review

18 12 Artificial Intelligence Based Commercial Non-Invasive and Invasive Devices for Heart Failure Diagnosis and Prediction

19 13 Future Techniques and Perspectives on Implanted and Wearable Heart Failure Detection Devices

20 Index

21 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Images for boundary detection in...Figure 1.2 Supervised and unsupervised machine learning.

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Supine, left lateral decubitus...Figure 2.2 ECG. E denotes electrodes placed...Figure 2.3 Major waves of a single ECG signal...Figure 2.4 Treadmill assessment.Figure 2.5 Evolution of rubber-based stethoscopes.Figure 2.6 A digital stethoscope.Figure 2.7 The echocardiography method. The...Figure 2.8 Formation of plaques in the...Figure 2.9 Plaque formation in the heart arteries.

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Statistics of the number of publications...Figure 3.2 A schematic representation of some...Figure 3.3 Application of wearable/implantable...