Коллектив авторов - Строение и история развития литосферы

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Abstract

The bathymetry and geophysics of the floor of the Drake Passage and the Scotia Sea is rather well studied in general, and was discussed in many publications. However the tectonics and geodynamics of this belt until now are unclear and find equivocal interpretation. The floor of this belt usually is considered as the collage of small fragments of relict continental bridge and wide oceanic plates, created by spreding at wide-scale horizontal movements of lithospheric plates. The authors propose alternative hypothesis about nature of the crustal bekt of the Drake Passage and the floor of the Scotia Sea as the areal of large fragments of the relict of intercontinental bridge, experienced basification and breaking into large fragments in the conditions of temperate extension and short-lived local rifting.

В рамках проведения исследований по программе Международного полярного года 2007–2009 гг. Комиссией по геологической карте мира (КГКМ) была выдвинута инициатива составления Тектонической карты полярных областей Земли масштаба 1:10 000 000. Первым этапом выполнения этого проекта стала подготовка макета новой тектонической карты Антарктики во Всероссийском научно-исследовательском институте геологии и минеральных ресурсов Мирового океана имени академика И.С. Грамберга. В ходе работы над картой были обобщены обширнейшие геолого-геофизические материалы, полученные российской и зарубежными антарктическими экспедициями в течение последних 15–20 лет. Результаты новейших изотопно-геохимических анализов горных пород антарктического материка, а также особенности глубинной структуры его континентальной окраины, выявленные в ходе интенсивных морских геофизических исследований, позволяют скорректировать тектонические модели, разработанные в предшествующие годы отечественными и иностранными учеными, и предложить современную концепцию тектонического строения и геодинамической истории Антарктики.