Коллектив авторов - Строение и история развития литосферы

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Abstract

The newest data (been obtained during the recent years, partially in the frames of IPY programs) over the Western Arctic regions and (to a lesser degree) over some other areas of Arctic are presented. They concern the internal structure Neoproterozoic complexes of some areas of the Western Arctic regions and obtaining of geochemical, isotopic-geochemical and isotopic-geochronological characteristics of detrital zircons from silicaclactic rocks from few Neoproterozoic units of the Timan and Polar Urals. Summary of the presented data and the newest various data (geochronological, petrological, biogeographical, etc.) from other high-latitude areas of Arctica allowed to consider Neoproterozoic – Early Paleozoic tectonic history of Arctica, particularly, a problem of existence of an ancient (Precambrian) continent Arctida/Hyperborea whose fragments are now distributed over the Arctic sector.

The new materials allowed us to reconsider the Neoproterozoic – Early Paleozoic stage of geodynamic scenario for Arctic. The key moment of the new reconstruction is a collision of two paleo-continents – Baltica (Precambrian skeleton of East-European Craton) and Arctida been occurred at the Neoproterozoic/Cambrian boundary. This new conception is named «ABC-conception» (Arctida-Baltica Collision). The new reconstruction of Arctida paleo-continent is strongly modified in comparison to the reconstruction of L.P.Zonenshain and his co-authors. In our interpretation, Arctida paleo-continent existed at least from Neoproterozoic up to the Baltica-Arctida collision and included Barentsia (Barents shelves and Timan-Pechora region) and Svalbard.

In according to «ABC-conception», the collision of Arctida and Baltica (been formed Arct-Europe paleo-continent – Arctida + Baltica) was the initial stage (the earliest continent-continent collision event) of assembling of the northern part of Vegener`s Pangea. The Pre-Uralides-Timanides collisional orogen was formed when Timanian passive margin of Baltica collided with Bolshezemel active margin of Arctida. Relicts of the Pre-Uralides-Timanides orogen in the present-day structure of the Western Arctic are parts of the basement of the region outlined as following: from the south to the north – from the Pechora basin (including the western slope of Polar and Subpolar Urals) to Svalbard (Spitsbergen), and from the west to the east – from the northern edge of Kola peninsula and southwestern boundary of Timan to the central part of New Land (Novaya Zemlya) archipelago.

Проведено двух– и трехмерное моделирование геотермического поля вдоль длинных геотраверсов в Западно-Арктическом бассейне и в Котловинах Подводников, которые были построены по данным сейсмопрофолирования и бурения. Рассчитаны глубины залегания интервала катагенетического преобразования органического вещества для различных участков осадочного бассейна. Наименьшая глубина этого интервала приурочена к Южно-Баренцевской впадине, где по геологоразведочным данным установлен самый высокий углеводородный потенциал. На трехмерных моделях к этому району приурочен «термический купол», выделяемый впервые. Исследования проводились при финансовой поддержке Норвежского нефтяного директората, Президиума РАН, Отделения наук о Земле РАН и РФФИ.