Deborah Rudacille - The Riddle of Gender

Children with gender issues frequently are regarded as unruly or disruptive Israel and Tarver, Transgender Care, 135.

People were really mean to him at school Jeremiah Hall, The Advocate, November 22, 2002.

I had no fiends Author interview with Alyn Liebeman, Philadelphia, Pa., March 21, 2003.

Because isolation and ostracism are key components of transgender youth experience Israel and Tarver, Transgender Care, 133.

skipped over hope, joy, love and anything else positive Scholinski, The Last Time, 93.

wore Toughskinjeans with double-thick knees Ibid., 46.

Linda opened her purse Ibid., 104.

They got to be afraid of me Ibid., 107.

Genderqueer kids present an ideal profile for sexual predators Riki Anne Wilchins, Read My Lips: Sexual Subversion and the End of Gender (Ithaca, N.Y.: Firebrand Books, 1997), 130.

The second time I was over, the man kept his hand on my shoulder Scholinski, The Last Time, 132—33.

loo percent… had been physically abused or beaten as children Wilchins, Read My Lips, 24.

such abuse “appears not as an anomaly” Ibid., 305.

I was being physically abused at home all the time Author interview with Brad.

I’d walk up to him close enough so that his angry face was all I could see Scholinski, The Last Time, 2.

I didn’t mind being called a delinquent Ibid., 16.

She held up cards with a picture of a policeman Ibid., 30. 208 Daphne presents a tomboyish appearance Ibid., 56.

Drug addiction offered itself to me like a blanket of forgiveness Ibid., 86.

I sneaked a glance, and it was a jolt Ibid., 119.

Donna wanted me to walk skittery, like a bird Ibid., 124.

I still wonder why I wasn’t treated for my depression Ibid., 197.

The limited evidence suggests that individuals are given DSM diagnoses Kutchins and Kirk, Making Us Cravj, 260.

the designation of Gender Identity Disorders as mental disorders is not a license for stigmativation Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association, Standards of Care, http://www.hbigda.org/soc.html.

DSM is a red herring Author interview with Beyer.

There’s all this empirical data, exceptional data, data that doesn’t fit their [psychiatric] theory Author interview with Christine Johnson, Philadelphia, Pa., May 13, 2002.

High rates of polycystic ovary syndrome Hartmut A. G. Bosinski, Michael Peter, Gabriele Bonatz, Reinhard Arndt, Hären Heidenreich, Wolfgang G. Sippell, and Reinhard Wille, “A Higher Rate of Hyperandrogenic Disorders in Female-to-Male Transsexuals,” Psychoneuroendocrinology 22, no. 5 (1997): 361-80; A. H. Baien, M. E. Schachter, D. Montgomery, R. W. Reid, and H. S. Jacobs, “Polycystic Ovaries Are a Common Finding in Untreated Female-to-Male Transsexuals,” Clinical Endocrinology 38, no. 3 (1993): 325-29.

Researchers currently view PCOS as a developmental disorder D. H. Abbott, D. A. Dumesic, and S. Franks, “Developmental Origin of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Hypothesis,” Journal ofEndocrinology 174 (2002): 15.

Just because something is in the DSM doesn’t make it a real disease Author interview with Paul McHugh, Baltimore, Md., June 17, 2002.

I think that it… should not be in the DSM Author interview with Ben Barres, Palo Alto, Calif, August 2001.

To the extent that it is in the DSM, I don’t think that it should be applied Author interview with Anonymous, New York City, July 22, 2001.

If you talk to post-op transpeople, most are what you would call conservative on this question Author interview with Chelsea Goodwin, New York City, July 2001.

My fear is that it [the GID diagnosis] will get thrown out of the DSM Author interview with Wheeler.

To OUT knowledge this is the first transgender marriage case in the U.S. inwhich extensive medical evidence Shannon Minter, press release by National Center for Lesbian Rights and Equality Florida, February 21, 2003. A Florida appeals court ruled the Kantaras marriage null and void in July 2004, sending the custody case back to family court. Further appeals are expected.

Basically, we know squat about our community Author interview with Julie Maverick, Baltimore, Md., May 1, 2002.

Transgendered people commonly receive substandard… medical treatment NTAC request for funding, unpublished personal communication, Julie Maverick.

LGBT patients face many barriers to adequate health care See Hope Vander-burg, “Are LGBT Patients Receiving Adequate Healthcare?” conference summary, American Medical Students Association Fifty-first Annual Convention, March 28-April 1, 2001. Retrieved from http://wwwmedscape xom/Medscape/M … 07.01.vand/mms0507.01.vand-01.html on 5/14/01.

rates of HIV infection among male-to-female transsexuals in cities See Jessica Xavier, Washington Transgender Needs Assessment Survey, and The Transgender Community Health Project, published by the San Francisco Department of Public Health, February 1999, available at http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite. See also “HIV-Related Tuberculosis in a Transgender Network—Baltimore MD and New York City 1998—2000,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports 49, no. 15 (2000): 317—20. “A Plague Undetected,” a news article by Nina Siegal published in Salon, March 2001, correlates high rates of HIV infection among trans communities in a number of cities to needle-sharing in black-market hormone use. Siegal quoted Jason Farrell, executive director of the Positive Health Project, an AIDS outreach program in New York City, as saying, “Due to the lack of tracking, there might be an epidemic out of control and we don’t know about it, nor do we have the resources to address it if we need to.” Siegal also quotes Dr. Paul Simon, a medical epidemiologist at the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, who helped conduct a survey of 244 male-to-female transsexual people in 1998 and 1999. Simon and his colleagues found that 22 percent of those studied were HIV-positive. “That’s as high as what we were seeing among gay and bisexual men in the 1980s at the peak of the epidemic. It’s a very high rate of HIV infection.” Retrieved from www.salon.com on April 9, 2001.

In this culture, and in most of the civilised word today, research data is used Author interview with Kit Rachlin, Washington, D.C., February 16, 2002.

As more young transsexuals push to begin transitioning at a younger age Maria Russo, “Teen Transsexuals: When Do Children Have a Right to Decide

Their Gender?” Salon, August 28, 1999- Dowloaded from http://www.salon.com/health/sex/urge/1999/08/28/transexualteens, April 9,2001.

Developments in the last decade Christine Johnson, “Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Transsexualism,” unpublished paper, available online at http://www.TransAdvocate.org.

Yes, there seems to be a great deal of discomfort in the media Author’s personal communication, Christine Johnson, November 13, 2001.

a workshop on endocrine disrupters in February 2002 Test Smart Endocrine Disrupters Workshop, Fairfax, Va., February 25-26, 2002.

DES was first synthesized… in the laboratory of Sir Charles Dodds E. C. Dodds and W. Lawson, “Oestrogenic Activity of Certain Synthetic Compounds, Nature 141 (1938): 247-49.

Seven published papers subsequently reported Roberta J. Apfel, M.D., and Susan M. Fisher, M.D., To Do No Harm: DES and the Dilemmas of Modern Medicine (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984), 23.