Vladislav Larin: Review of the System of Environmental Monitoring in the Russian Federation and Former Soviet Union and Related Environmental Policy Issues. Thesis for MSc Degree, MCMXCVII

© Vladislav Larin, 2019

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A thesis submitted to the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy of the Central European University in part fulfilment of the Degree of Master of Science (MSc Environmental Sciences and Policy)

September 1997

Budapest

No portion of the work referred to in this thesis has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification at this or any other university or institute of learning.

Vladislav Larin

Copyright in text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies (by any process) either in full, or of extracts, may be made onlyin accordance with instructions given by the Author and lodged in Central European University Library. Details may be obtained from the Librarian. This page must form part of any such copies made. Further copies (by any process) of copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the permission (in writhing) of the Author.

The ownership of any intellectual property rights which may be described in this thesis is vested in the Central European University, subject to any prior agreement to the contrary, and may not be made available for use by thirds parties without the written permission of the University, which will prescribe the terms and conditions of any such agreement.

Larin, V.I. 1998. A Review of the System of Environmental Monitoring in the Russian Federation and the former Soviet Union and Related Environmental Policy Issues. Master of Science thesis, Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University, Budapest.

Address of Central European University

CEU, Environmental Sciences and Policy

Nador ut. 9, 1051-H, Budapest, Hungary

Address of Author

123060, Russia, Moscow, St. Marshala Biruzova, 40—37

larin.vlad@gmail.com

Further information on the conditions under which disclosures and exploitation may take place is available from the Head of the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University.

First of all I am very grateful to my sons for their understanding during the period of my working on this dissertation.

Moreover, I would like to thank the following persons and institutions without whose kind help the work on this dissertation could not be successful:

Dr. R.Mnatsakanian, Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy (Central European University), for consultations and providing helpful references.

Staff of the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy (Central European University) for support all my activities during preparation this dissertation and Dr. E.Bellinger, Head of Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy for his general guidance.

Experts of different official and non-official organisations for their time and kind readiness for consultations:

Dr. Yablokov A.V., Chairman of Interagency Commission on Ecological Security of National Security Council of Russian Federation, Associated Member of Russian’s Sciences Academy;

Dr. Buyvolov Y.V., chemist of Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Climate of RosGidromet;

Dr. Dumnov A.D., Head of Department of the Environmental Statistics of the GosKomStat of Russian Federation;

Dr. Genichovich E.L., Head of Laboratory of Main Voeykov Geophysical Observatory;

Dr. Komarov A.V., Head of Main Department of Management of Scientific-Technical Supplement of Information of GosComEcologii;

Dr. Laychtman V.I., Director of firm «Integral»;

Dr. Nikolaev V.D., Head of environmental programs NPK"Atmosphere»;

Dr. Tsaturov Y.S., Head of Main Department for Ecological Programmes and Monitoring of Environmental Pollution of Federal Service for the Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russian Federation;

Dr. Zabelin S.I., member of Board of Socio-Ecological Union;

Mr Fiodorov A.V., Director of the Center for Co-ordination of Socio-Ecological Union.

CAO – Central Aerologycal Observatory;

CIS – Commonwealth of Independent States (Newly Independent States without Baltic States);

CKI SoES – Center of Co-ordination of Information of Socio-Ecological Union;

CNIImah – Central Research Institute of Machine-Building;

CNIITEneftehim – Central Research Institute of Technical-Economical Research and Information of Oil Processing and Oil-Chemistry Industry;

DOP – guard for environmental protection;

DSP – Information «for official use only» (kind of classified instruction);

EGSEM – Integrated State System for the Environmental Monitoring;

EIA – Environmental impact assessment;

EU – European Union;

FNPR – Federation of National Trade Unions;

GenProkuratura – Main Prosecutor’s Office;

GGI – State Hydrological Institute;

GGO – Main Voeykov Geophysical Observatory;

GHI – Hydrochemical Institute;

GidrometCenter – Hydrometeorological Research Centre;

GMGS – State Service for Monitoring of Geological Systems;

GOIN – State Oceanographic Institute;

GosAtomNadzor – State Atomic Inspection;

GosComEcologii – State Committee of the Russian Federation for Protection of the Environment;

GosComGidromet – former name of RosGidromet;

GosComOboronProm – State Committee of Defence Industry;

GosComSanEpidNadzor – State Committee of Sanitary-Epidemic Inspection;

GosComStat – State Committee of Statistics;

GosGorTechNadzor – State Inspection of Safe Use of Mineral Resources;

GosStandart – State Standartisation Committee;

GRID – UNEP’s Global Resources Information Database;

GSMOS – Global System of Environmental Monitoring;

GSN – State Service of Monitoring of Environmental Pollution;

IEM – Institute of Experimental Meteorology;

IGKE – Institute of Global Climate and Ecology;

IPG – Fiodorov Institute of Applied Geophysics;

MCS – Ministry of Emergency Situations;

MedSocEcoInform – Federal Research Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Research Holding;

MinAtom – Ministry of Nuclear Industry;

MinJust – Ministry of Justice;

MinKul’tury – Ministry of Culture;

MinNauki – Ministry of Science;

MinOborony – Ministry of Defence;

MinObrazovaniya – Ministry of Education;

MinPrirodi – former name of State Committee of the Russian Federation of Protection of the Environment;

MinResursov – Ministry of Natural Resources;

MinSel’Hoz – Ministry of Agriculture;

MinSel’HozProd – Ministry of Agricultural Production;

MinStroy – Ministry of Construction;

MinTopEnergo – Ministry of Fuel and Energy;

MinTrans – Ministry of Transportation;

MinZdrav – Ministry of Health;

MinZdravMedProm – Ministry of Health Services Industry;

MPR – Ministry of Natural Resources;

MPS – Ministry of Rail Roads;