Чарльз Эндрейн - Сравнительный анализ политических систем

Об элитарных интерпретациях плюралистических систем см.: С. Wright Mills, The Power Elite (New York: Oxford University Press, 1959); G. William Domhoff, The Power Elite and the State: How Policy Is Made in America (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1990).

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, adn John Jay, The Federalist Papers, ed. Clinton Rossiter (New York: New American Library, 1961), 324.

Ibid., 77–84, 288–325, 377–88. Анализ теорий Медисона см.: Jeffrey Leigh Sedgwick, «James Madison and the Problem of Executive Character», Polity 21 (Fall 1988): 5–23; Daniel Walker Howe, «Why the Scottish Enlightenment Was Useful to the Framers of the American Constitution», Comparative Studies in Society and History 31 (July 1989): 572–87; Paul Peterson, «The Rhetorical Design and Theoretical Teaching of Federalist No. 10», Political Science Reviewer 17 (Fall 1987): 198–218; Joyce Appleby, «The American Heritage: The Heirs and the Disinherited», Journal of American History 74 (December 1987): 798–813; Sheldon S. Wolin, Politics and Vision (Boston: Little, Brown, 1960), 389–93; Sheldon Wolin, «The Idea of the State in America», in The Problem of Authority in America, ed. John P. Diggins and Mark E. Kann (Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1981), 41–57.

Karl Marx, Political Writings, vol. 1: The Revolutions of 1848, ed. David Fembach (New York: Vintage Books, 1974), 315–16. См. также: Karl Marx, Political Writings, vol. 2: Surveys from Exile, ed. David Fembach (New York: Vintage Books,1974), 176; Karl Marx, Political Writings, vol. 3: The First International and After, ed. David Fernbach (New York: Vintage Books, 1974), 280–81.

Marx, The First International, 81, 91–92, 145, 250, 270, 333–35, 355, 373–75; Marx, Revolutions of 1848, 86–87, 325–26; Marx, Surveys from Exile, 243–44; Karl Marx, Early Writings, trans. Rodney Livingstone and Gregor Benton (New York: Vintage Books, 1975), 257; Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, The German Ideology, ed. C. J. Arthur (New York: International Publishers, 1970), 117–18; Daniel R. Sabia, Jr., «Rationality, Collective Action, and Karl Marx», American Journal of Political Science 32 (February 1988): 50–71; Farshad A. Araghi, «The Cpncept of Development: Smith and Marx Revisited», Sociological Spectrum 8 (October–December 1988): 371–89; J. С Glass and W. Johnson, «Metaphysics, MSRP and Economics», British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 39 (September 1988): 313–29; Klaus von Beyme, «Karl Marx and Party Theory», Government and Opposition 20 (Winter 1985): 70–87; John Ehrenberg, «Karl Marx and the Dictatorship of the Proletariat», in Research in Political Economy, vol. 12, ed. Paul Zarembka (Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1990), 187–208; Frederic L. Pryor, «Some Economics of Utopia: The Case of Full Communism», Survey29 (Summer 1985): 70–101.

V. I. Lenin, What Is to Be Done? (Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1973), 37, 98, ; 136–38, 154, 199–202; V. I. Lenin, V. I Lenin: Selected Works (New York: InternationalPublishers, 1971), 281–98, 323–36, 374–79, 417, 465–88, 501–46, 572–73, 624–26, 660; Pierre Bimbaum, «Universal Suffrage, the Vanguard Party and Mobilization in Marxism», Government and Opposition 20 (Winter 1985): 53–69.

Alex Inkeles and David H. Smith, Becoming Modern: Individual Change in Six Developing Countries (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974), esp. 251–351.

AM Banuazizi, «Social–Psychological Approaches to Political Development», in Understanding Political Development, ed. Myron Weiner and Samuel P. Huntington (Boston: Little, Brown, 1987), 281–316; Charles F. Andrain, Political Change in the Third World (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1988), 252–79; Richard Falk, «Religion and Politics: Verging on the Postmodern», Alternatives 18 (July 1988): 379–94.

David E. Apter, Rethinking Development: Modernization, Dependency, and Postmodern Politics (Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1987), 12–25; Leonard Binder, Islamic Liberalism: A Critique of Development Ideologies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), 24–37; Jan Nederveen Pieterse, «Dilemmas of Development Discourse: The Crisis of Developmentalism and the Comparative Method», Development and Change 22 (January 1991): 5–29; Kate Manzo, «Modernist Discourse and the Crisis of Development Theory», Studies in Comparative International Development 26 (Summer 1991): 3–36; Edward A. Tiryakian, «Modernisation: Exhumetur in Pace (Rethinking Macrosociology in the 1990s)», International Sociology 6 (June 1991): 165–80; Diane Ethier, «Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, Latin America and Southeast Asia: Comparative Perspectives», Journal of Developing Societies! (July–October 1991): 195–217; Karen L. Remmer, «New Wine or Old Bottlenecks? The Study of Latin American Democracy», Comparative Politics 23 (July 1991 ): 479–95.

Samuel P. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1968).

Samuel P. Huntington, «Conservatism as an Ideology», American Political Science Review 51 (June 1957): 460–61.

Samuel P. Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991); Held, Models of Democracy 143–64.

См. след. сочинения Сэмюеля Хантингтона: Samuel P. Huntington: Political Order in Changing Societies, esp. 1–92, 142–44, 192–98, 262–63, 344, 401; The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil–Military Relations (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1957); American Military Strategy (Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California at Berkeley, 1986); «Transnational Organizations in World Politics», World Politics 25 (April 1973): 334–68; «The U.S. — Decline or Renewal?» Foreign Affairs 67 (Winter 1988/89): 76–96; «The Goals of Development», in Understanding Political Development, ed, Weiner and Huntington, 3—32. В «Целях развития» (с. 19) Хантингтон подчеркивает: «В целом политологическая литература имеет тенденцию во временном аспекте ставить порядок раньше демократии. В «Солдате и государстве», на с. 465, мы находим противопоставление «показного индивидуализма», «утомительной монотонности и невообразимого разнообразия и беспорядочного меркантилизма маленьких городков» в Хайленд Фолз «упорядоченной безмятежности», «структурированной целесообразности» военной академии США в Вест–Пойнте. Критику институционалистской теории развития см. в: David E. Apter, Political Change: Collected Essays (London: Frank Cass, 1973), 167, 195–96, 198, 208; Cal Clark and Jonathan Lemco, «The Strong State and Development: A Growing List of Caveats», Journal of Developing Societies 4 (January–April 1988): 1—8. Столь же безрадостную оценку перспектив демократии в развивающихся странах см. в: Robert A. Scalapino, «Modernization and Revolution in Asia», Problems oj Communism 41 (January–April 1992): с 181: «традициям и стадии развития многих возникающих государств более подходит авторитарный плюрализм, чем парламентская демократия».