Michael Baigent - The Dead Sea Scrolls Deception

30. Allegro to Harding, 5 June 1956.

31. Ibid.

32. Ibid.

33. Allegro to Cross, 5 August 1956.

34. Allegro to de Vaux, 16 September 1956.

35. Allegro to team member (name withheld), 14 September 1959.

36. Team member (name withheld) to Allegro, 21 October 1959.

37. Allegro to de Vaux, 16 September 1956.

38. Ibid.

39. Allegro to Cross, 31 October 1957.

40. Ibid.

41. Allegro to James Muilenburg, 31 October 1957.

42. Allegro to Muilenburg, 24 December 1957.

43. Ibid.

44. Allegro to Dajani, 10 January 1959.

45. Ibid.

46. The Times, 23 May 1970, p.22.

47. The Times, 19 May 1970, p.2.

48. The Times, 26 May 1970, p.9.

49. The Daily Telegraph, 18 May 1987, p.ll.

50. The Times, 5 October 1970, p.4.

51. Wilson, op. cit., p. 125.

52. Vermes, The Dead Sea Scrolls: Qumran in Perspective, pp. 23-4.

53. Times Literary Supplement, 3 May 1985, p.502.

54. Ibid.

55. Eisenman has pointed to mention of ‘the Poor’ in the War Scroll; see Eisenman, op. cit., p.43, n.23; p.62, n.105. This text states that the Messiah will lead ‘the Poor’ to victory against the armies of Belial (The War Scroll, XI,14 (Vermes, p.116 — Vermes for his own reasons translates ‘Belial’ as ‘Satan’) ). For a more detailed discussion, see Eisenman, ‘Eschatological “Rain” Imagery in the War Scroll from Qumran and in the Letter ofjames’, p. 182.

56. Interview, Emile Puech, 7 November 1989.

57. BAR, March/April 1990, p. 24. This fragment is coded 4Q246 and was first found and privately translated by the scholars in 1958.

58. Ibid.

1. The Times, 23 August 1949, p.5.

2. Ibid.

3. Jean Carmignac, review of Roth, The Historical Background of the Dead Sea Scrolls. See Revue de Qumran, no.3, 1959 (vol.i, 1958-9), p.447.

4. De Vaux made this assertion in ‘Fouilles au Khirbet Qumran’, Revue biblique, vol.lxi (1954), p.233. He repeated it in his ‘Fouilles de Khirbet Qumran’, Revue biblique, vol.lxiii (1956), p.567, and in ‘Les manuscrits de Qumran et l’archeologie’, Revue biblique, vol.lxvi (1959), p. 100.

5. Roth, ‘Did Vespasian Capture Qumran?’, Palestine Exploration Quarterly, July-December 1959, pp.l22ff.

6. Driver, The Judaean Scrolls, p.3.

7. De Vaux, review of Driver, The Judaean Scrolls. See New Testament Studies, vol.xiii (1966-7), p. 97.

8. Ibid., p. 104.

9. Albright, in M. Black, ed. The Scrolls and Christianity, p. 15.

10. Eisenman to authors, 13 June 1990.

11. Eisenman to authors, 27 September 1989.

12. BAR, September/October 1985, p.66.

13. Ibid., p.6.

14. Ibid., p.66.

15. Ibid., p.70. BAR first called for the publication of the unpublished scrolls in May 1985.

16. Ibid.

17. Benoit to Cross, Milik, Starcky and Puech, Strugnell, E. Ulrich, Avi (sic) Eitan, 15 September 1985.

18. Eitan to Benoit, 26 December 1985.

19. Interview, Yuval Ne’eman, 16 January 1990.

20. Ibid.

21. Eisenman, Maccabees, Zadokites, Christians and Qumran, p.xvi.

22. Eisenman to authors, 5 July 1990.

23. It is called ‘ MMT’ from the first letters of three Hebrew words occurring in the opening line: Miqsat Ma’aseh ha-Torah, ‘ Some rulings upon the Law’. The text essentially gives the position of the Qumran community on a selection of rules from the Torah.

24. Catalogue of the Dead Sea Scrolls, 07/04/81.

25. Eisenman to authors, 15 September 1990.

26. A copy of this timetable was published in BAR, July/August 1989, p.20. Mrs Ayala Sussman of the Israeli Department of Antiquities confirmed for us that this was the timetable. Interview with Ayala Sussman, 7 November 1989.

27. Letter, Eisenman and Davies to Strugnell, 16 March 1989.

28. Letter, Eisenman and Davies to Drori, 2 May 1989.

29. Ibid.

30. Ibid.

31. Letter, Strugnell to Eisenman, 15 May 1989.

32. BAR, September/October 1989, p.20.

33. Letter, Strugnell to Eisenman, 15 May 1989.

34. Davies, ‘How not to do Archaeology: The Story of Qumran’, pp.203-4.

1. Florentino Garcia-Martinez to Eisenman, 4 October 1989.

2. New York Times, 9 July 1989, p.E26.

3. BAR, May/June 1990, p.67.

4. BAR, July/August 1990, p.44.

5. BAR, July/August 1989, p. 18.

6. BAR, November/December 1989, p.74.

7. BAR, July/August 1989, p. 18.

8. Ibid., p. 19.

9. Los Angeles Times, 1 July 1989, Part II, pp.20-21.

10. International Herald Tribune, 16 November 1989, p.2.

11. BAR, July/August 1990, p.47.

12. Time Magazine, 14 August 1989, p.44.

13. BAR, March/April 1990, cover.

14. BAR, July/August 1990, p.6.

15. Interview, Ayala Sussman, 7 November 1989.

16. Ibid.

17. Ibid.

18. Interview, Shemaryahu Talmon, 8 November 1989.

19. Ibid.

20. Ibid.

21. Interview, Shemaryahu Talmon, 9 November 1989.

22. Interview, Jonas Greenfield, 9 November 1989.

23. Conversation with Ayala Sussman, 10 November 1989.

24. Ibid.

25. Ibid.

26. Interview, Hilary Feldman, 4 December 1989.

27. Ibid.

1. Letter, Allegro to Muilenburg, 24 December 1957.

2. Letter, Strugnell to Allegro, 3 January 1956.

3. Wilson, The Dead Sea Scrolls 1947-i969, p. 138.

4. Allegro’s suspicions about the international team were raised during his summer at the ‘Scrollery’ in 1957. They crystallised during the debacle of his television programme, the filming of which took place in Jerusalem, Qumran and Amman in October 1957. He planned to try to break up the international team and open the scrolls to all qualified scholars. Then, in a letter to Awni Dajani (curator of the Palestine Archaeological Museum) dated 10 January 1959, Allegro wrote: ‘I think it would be a ripe opportunity to take over the whole Museum, scrolls and all…’ Allegro returned to this theme in September 1966. On 13 September of that year he wrote to Awni Dajani saying that he was very concerned about the situation and that the Jordanian government should act. It is clear, though, from a letter of 16 September 1966 (to Joseph Saad), that Allegro had been told that the Jordanian government was planning to nationalise the museum at the end of the year. Allegro then began a series of letters regarding the preservation of the scrolls and ideas for raising funds for research and publication. Then, as adviser on the scrolls to the Jordanian government, he produced a report on the present state and the future of scroll research which he sent to King Hussein on 21 September 1966. The same day he also sent a copy of the report to the Jordanian Prime Minister. The Jordanian government nationalised the museum in November 1966.

5. BAR, July/August 1990, p.6.

6. Interview, Philip Davies, 10 October 1989.

7. Interview, Norman Golb, 1 November 1989.

8. Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement, 1887, p. 16.

9. De Rosa, Vicars of Christ, p. 179.

10. For a detailed account of the personal and political machinations which lay behind the promulgation of this dogma, see Hasler, How the Pope became Infallible.

11. Ibid., p.246.

12. Fogazzaro, The Saint, p.242.