Christopher - The Rise and Fall of the House of Medici

Lorraine, Charles, Prince of, 288, 290

Lorraine, Francesco II, Duke of, later Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (1708–65), 309

Louis XI, King of France (1423–83), 102, 149, 182

Louis XII, King of France (1462–1515), 201, 207, 208, 219

Louis XIV, King of France (1638–1715), 281; Marguerite-Louise and, 288, 291, 293–4, 295, 296; and Cosimo III, 292

Lucca, 42, 83, 150, 210

Lucretius, prop . Titus Lucretius Carus, 45

Luther, Martin (1483–1546), 237, 245

Machiavelli, Niccolò di Bernardo (1469–1527), and the battle of Anghiari, 194; appearance, 210; organizes national militia, 211; on the sack of Prato, 214; The Prince , 214, 326; his advice sought, 219; Mandragola , 227; his papers, 332

Maddalena, Cosimo’s slave-girl , 39–40

Madeleine de la Tour d’ Auvergne, see Urbino, Duchess of

Maffei, Fra Antonio, 136, 137–8, 141

Maffei, Raffaele, 141

Mahomet II, ‘the Conqueror’, Sultan of Turkey (1430–81), 160

Malavolti, Federigo, 51

Malespini family, 43

Manetti, Antonio, 317

Manetti, Giannozzo, 61, 82

Manfredi, Taddeo, 128

Mann, Sir Horace, 325, 328

Mannaioni, Giulio, 319

Mantua, Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of, 194, 195–96, 206

Manuel I, King of Portugal (1469–1521), 226

Marco da Fienza, 330

Margaret of Parma, see Medici, Margaret de’

Marguerite Louise of Orléans, see Medici, Margaret Louise de’

Maria Maddalena, Archduchess of Austria, see Medici, Maria Maddalena de’. Grand Duchess

Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria (1717–80), 309

Mariano, Fra, 180, 181

Marie de’ Medici, Queen of France (1573–1642), 281

Marsuppini, Carlo, 44, 47, 48, 313

Martelli family, 57

Martelli, Camilla, see Medici, Camilla de’

Mary, Queen of France, 219

Masaccio, prop . Tomasso Guidi (1401–28?), 92, 319

Masolino da Panicale (1383–1447), 319

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459–1519), and Anne of Brittany, 183; joins the Holy League, 194; and Julius II, 207; Leo X and, 220; death of, 237

Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal, orig . Giulio Mazarini (1602–61), 288

Medici, the, origins of, 30; insignia of, 30; public service, 30–1; the Albizzi and, 43, 55, 212; the Martelli and, 57; sentence of banishment revoked, 58; opposition to, 104; Gozzoli and, 110; and Poliziano, 122; and the Pazzi, 131, 132; Signorla declares them banished, 187; Savonarola and, 191; restoration of, 212, 214, 216; election of a Medici Pope, 217; the Sacred College and, 235; and Henry of Navarre, 281; and the Inquisition, 297; the Medici holidays abolished, 310; bequest of the Medici treasures, 310–11; and the Palazzo Medici, 317–18; the Medici collections, 324, 332

Medici, Alessandro de’, illegitimate son of Lorenzo, Duke of Urbino or of Cardinal Giulio, 239, 257, 262; his parentage, 236; his unpopularity, 248; Clement VII’s plans for, 251; and Ippolito, 252–3; Florentine resentment against, 253–4; his marriage and death, 254–5; and Lorenzaccio di Pierfrancesco, 255; assassination of, 256

Medici, Alfonsina de’, née Orsini, 178, 187, 236

Medici, Anna Maria Francesca de’, née Anna Maria Francesca of Saxe-Lauenberg, 302–3

Medici, Anna Maria Luisa di Cosimo de’, see Anna Maria, Electress Palatine

Medici, Ardingo de’, 30

Medici, Averardo de’, 31

Medici Bank, see Bank, Medici

Medici, Bianca de’, née Capello, 275–6, 278, 329, 330

Medici, Bianca di Piero de’, see Pazzi, Bianca

Medici, Camilla de’, née Martelli, 272–3

Medici, Carlo de’, illegitimate son of Cosimo Pater Patriar , 40, 93, 314

Medici, Caterina di Lorenzo de’, Duchess of Urbino and later Queen of France (1519–89), 239, 280; birth of, 235; created Duchess of Urbino, 236; her marriage, 252

Medici, Christine de’, née Christine of Lorraine (1565–1636), 280, 283

Medici, Clarice de’, née Orsini, Lucrezia de’ Medici on, 114–15; Lorenzo the Magnificent and, 116, 145–7; her wedding celebrations, 117–18; at Pistoia, 145; and Poliziano, 145; her temperament, 146; and her children, 147, 162; her death, 147; and Giovanni’s birth, 202; and Botticelli’s Portrait of a Young Woman , 322

Medici, Clarice di Piero de’, see Strozzi, Clarice

Medici, Contessina de’, née de’ Bardi, 43, 47; marriage, 38; personality, 39; Donatello’s bronze head of, 91

Medici, Contessina di Lorenzo de’, see Ridolfi, Contessina

Medici, Cosimino di Giovanni de’, 96

Medici, Cosimo de’, illegitimate son of Cosimo 1, 266

Medici, Cosimo di Ferdinando de’, later Cosimo II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1590–1620), 281–2

Medici, Cosimo di Giovanni de’. Pater Patriae (1389–1464), 32; imprisoned, 19, 50, 51, 200; education, 37; and humanism, 37–8; his personality, 38, 41; his marriage, 38, 39; and his slave-girl, 39–40; and war with Lucca, 42–3; his friends, 44, 45–7; and Filelfo, 48; and the Albizzi plot, 48, 49–52; commissions a library for San Giorgio Maggiore, 54; in exile, 54–5; returns to Florence, 58; banishes his enemies, 58–9; in politics, 59–60, 61–3; his unostentatious behaviour, 60, 73; Vespasiano da Bisticci on, 60, 97–8; Pius II on, 63; Guicciardini on, 63; and Council of Florence, 64, 65–6; his interest in philosophy, 68–9; and Ficino, 68–9, 77; his library, 69, 88; a generous patron, 69, 71, 73; and Brunelleschi, 70; and Ghiberti’s reliquary, 70; his munificence, 73–4; his new palazzo, 75–6; his love of country life, 77; and his villas, 77, 78, 316; and Florence’s foreign policy, 79, 82–6; and Francesco Sforza, 82; the Venetian ambassador on, 85; and Calixtus III, 86, 157; the banker, 86–8, 104, 129: and Pius II, 88; and Donatello, 91, 92; and Filippo Lippi, 93–4; his respect for artists, 94; and Fra Angelico, 94; on painters, 94; in old age, 94–5, 96; and his grandson, 96; death of, 97; his funeral, 98, 101–2; memorial to, 98, 319; in the Magi pageant, III; Gozzoli and, III; Savonarola and, 180; Leo X on, 261; Novices’ Chapel, Santa Croce, 313; and Botticelli’s Adoration of the Magi , 320; and Luca Pitti, 328; statue to, 331; and the old sacristy of San Lorenzo, 317

Medici, Cosimo di Ferdinando de’, later Cosimo III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1642–1723), his temperament, 287; his appearance, 288, 292, 297; his marriage, 288–9, 290, 291, 294–5, 328; in I1 Mondo Festeggiante , 289; travels abroad, 292; economic problems, 293, 296; a bigot, 297–8, 306; punishment under, 298; levies taxes, 298–9, 307; and Grand Prince Ferdinand, 301; worried and ill, 303–4; and the Tuscan succession, 305; his religious zeal, 305–6; death of, 306; and the Villa Medici, 318; and the Cathedral façade, 324; and the Villa Ambrogiana, 333

Medici, Cosimo di Giovanni de’, later Cosimo I, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1519–74), 312; elected to power in Florence, 257–8; Cellini on, 258; and his father, 261–2; his appearance, 262; his childhood, 262; his nature, 262–3, 267–8, 270; Varchi on, 263; and the Fuorosciti , 263–4; and Charles V, 264; his marriages, 264, 273; his ruthlessness, 264–5; his ambition, 265–6; Grand Duke, 266; creates the Florentine navy, 266–7; his pleasures, 267; and his wife, 269, 272; the children of, 269; and the death of his daughter, 269–70; his austerity, 270; attempted assassinations of, 270–1; and his son Francesco, 272; his mistresses, 272–3; death of, 273; his achievements, 273–4; and his daughter-in-law, 275; Giambologna’s equestrian statue of, 280, 331; and the Giardino dei Semplici, 315; and his villas, 316, 330; and the lions of Florence, 327; Pitti Palace altered for, 328; his Landsknechte , 329