Debra Cameron - Learning GNU Emacs, 3rd Edition
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- Название:Learning GNU Emacs, 3rd Edition
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- Издательство:O'Reilly Media
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- Год:2004
- ISBN:0-596-00648-9
- Рейтинг книги:3 / 5. Голосов: 1
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Learning GNU Emacs, 3rd Edition: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация
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, 3rd Edition tells readers how to get started with the GNU Emacs editor. It is a thorough guide that will also "grow" with you: as you become more proficient, this book will help you learn how to use Emacs more effectively. It takes you from basic Emacs usage (simple text editing) to moderately complicated customization and programming.The third edition of
describes Emacs 21.3 from the ground up, including new user interface features such as an icon-based toolbar and an interactive interface to Emacs customization. A new chapter details how to install and run Emacs on Mac OS X, Windows, and Linux, including tips for using Emacs effectively on those platforms.
, third edition, covers:
• How to edit files with Emacs
• Using the operating system shell through Emacs
• How to use multiple buffers, windows, and frames
• Customizing Emacs interactively and through startup files
• Writing macros to circumvent repetitious tasks
• Emacs as a programming environment for Java, C++, and Perl, among others
• Using Emacs as an integrated development environment (IDE)
• Integrating Emacs with CVS, Subversion and other change control systems for projects with multiple developers
• Writing HTML, XHTML, and XML with Emacs
• The basics of Emacs Lisp
The book is aimed at new Emacs users, whether or not they are programmers. Also useful for readers switching from other Emacs implementations to GNU Emacs.
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Sometimes it's more convenient to edit a directory and its subdirectories in the same buffer. To insert a subdirectory in the current Dired buffer, move to it and press i. Emacs inserts the subdirectory at the end of the buffer. If you insert more subdirectories in this fashion, they will appear in alphabetical order at the end of the buffer.
As you can see, much of your file maintenance and cleanup can be done easily from within Dired. Table 5-2summarizes Dired commands, some of which we haven't fully discussed. There's more to learn about Dired, [29]but now that you know the basics, you can experiment on your own.
Table 5-2. Dired commands
| Keystrokes | Command name | Action |
|---|---|---|
| C-x d File → Open Directory | dired | Start Dired. |
| A Operate → Search Files | dired-do-search | Do a regular expression search on marked files; stops at first match; M-, finds next match. |
| B Operate → Byte-compile | dired-do-byte-compile | Byte-compile file. |
| C Operate → Copy to | dired-do-copy | Copy file. |
| d Mark → Flag | dired-flag-file-deletion | Flag for deletion. |
| D Operate → Delete | dired-do-delete | Query for immediate deletion. |
| e Immediate → Find This File | dired-find-file | Edit file. |
| f | dired-advertised-find-file | Find (so you can edit). |
| g Immediate → Refresh | revert-buffer | Reread the directory from disk. |
| G Operate → Change Group | dired-do-chgrp | Change group permissions. |
| h | describe-mode | Display descriptive help text for Dired. |
| H Operate → Hardlink to .. . | dired-do-hardlink | Create a hard link to this file; Emacs asks you to name the hard link (not all OSes support hard links). |
| i Subdir → Insert This Subdir .. . | dired-maybe-insert-subdir | Add a listing of this subdirectory to the current dired buffer; if it's already there, just move to it. |
| k | dired-do-kill-lines | Remove line from display (don't delete file). |
| L Operate → Load | dired-do-load | Load file. |
| mor * m Mark → Mark | dired-mark | Mark with *. |
| M Operate → Change Mode | dired-do-chmod | Use chmodcommand on this file. |
| n | dired-next-line | Move to next line. |
| o Immediate → Find in Other Window | dired-find-file-other-window | Find file in another window; move there. |
| C-o Immediate → Display in Other Window | dired-display-file | Find file in another window; don't move there. |
| O Operate → Change Owner | dired-do-chown | Change ownership of file. |
| p | dired-previous-line | Move up a line. |
| P Operate → Print | dired-do-print | Print file. |
| q | quit-window | Quit Dired. |
| Q Operate → Query Replace in Files | dired-do-query-replace | Query replace string in marked files. |
| R Operate → Rename to | dired-do-rename | Rename file. |
| S Operate → Symlink to | dired-do-symlink | Create a symbolic link to this file; Emacs asks you to name the symbolic link. |
| s | dired-sort-toggle-or-edit | Sort the Dired display by date or by filename (toggles between these). |
| t Mark → Toggle Marks | dired-toggle-marks | Toggle marks on files and directories; pressing tonce marks all unmarked files and directories; pressing tagain restores original marks. |
| u Mark → Unmark | dired-unmark | Remove mark. |
| v Immediate → View This File | dired-view-file | View file (read-only). |
| w | dired-copy-filename-as-kill | Copy filename into the kill ring; if multiple files are marked, copy names of all marked files to kill ring. |
| x | dired-do-flagged-delete | Delete files flagged with D. |
| y | dired-show-file-type | Display information on the type of the file using the filecommand. |
| Z Operate → Compress | dired-do-compress | Compress or uncompress file. |
| ~ Mark → Flag Backup Files | dired-flag-backup-files | Flag backup files for deletion; C-u ~removes flags. |
| # Mark → Flag Auto-save Files | dired-flag-auto-save-files | Flag auto-save files for deletion; C-u #removes flags. |
| & Mark → Flag Garbage Files | dired-flag-garbage-files | Flag "garbage" files for deletion. |
| . Mark → Mark Old Backups | dired-clean-directory | Flag numbered backups for deletion (if any). |
| = Immediate → Diff | dired-diff | Compare this file to another file (the one at the mark). |
| M-= Immediate → Compare With Backup | dired-backup-diff | Compare this file with its backup file. |
| !or X Operate → Shell Command | dired-do-shell-command | Ask for shell command to execute on the current file or marked files. |
| + Immediate → Create Directory | dired-create-directory | Create a directory. |
| > Subdir → Next Dirline | dired-next-dirline | Move to next directory. |
| < Subdir → Prev Dirline | dired-prev-dirline | Move to previous directory. |
| ^ | dired-up-directory | Find the parent directory in a new Dired buffer. |
| $ Subdir → Hide/Unhide Subdir | dired-hide-subdir | Hide or show the current directory or subdirectory. |
| M-$ Subdir → Hide All | dired-hide-all | Hide all subdirectories, leaving only their names; repeat command to show. |
| C-M-n Subdir → Next Subdir | dired-next-subdir | Move to next subdirectory (if you've inserted subdirectories using i). |
| C-M-p Subdir → Prev Subdir | dired-prev-subdir | Move to previous subdirectory (if you've inserted subdirectories using i). |
| C-M-u Subdir → Tree Up | dired-tree-up | If you've inserted subdirectories using i, move to the parent directory in this buffer. |
| C-M-d Subdir → Tree Down | dired-tree-down | If you've inserted subdirectories using i, move to the first subdirectory for this directory in this buffer. |
| * c Mark → Change Marks | dired-change-marks | Change marks on specified files, for example, from *(generic mark) to D(flagged for deletion). |
| * !or M-Del Mark → Unmark All | dired-unmark-all-files | Remove all marks from all files. |
| * * Mark → Mark Executables | dired-mark-executables | Mark executables; C-u *unmarks. |
| * / Mark → Mark Directories | dired-mark-directories | Mark directories; C-u /unmarks. |
| * @ Mark → Mark Symlinks | dired-mark-symlinks | Mark symlinks; C-u * @unmarks. |
| M-} Mark → Next Marked | dired-next-marked-file | Move to the next file marked with *or D. |
| M-{ Mark → Previous Marked | dired-prev-marked-file | Move to previous file marked with *or D. |
| % d Regexp → Flag | dired-flag-files-regexp | Flag for deletion files that match regular expression. |
| % g Regexp → Mark Containing | dired-mark-files-containing-regexp | Mark files whose contents match regular expression. |
| % l Regexp → Downcase | dired-downcase | Lowercase marked files. |
| % R Regexp → Mark | dired-do-rename-regexp | Rename files with filenames that match regular expression. |
| % u Regexp → Upcase | dired-upcase | Uppercase marked files. |
5.3 Printing from Emacs
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