Robert Edwards - The Winter War

Pravda 100, 104, 199

prisoners of war 162, 167, 169-71, 195

Pritt, Denis Nowell 234

Procopé, Hjalmar 88-90, 143, 244, 247-8

propaganda 98-9, 109, 114-5, 121-2, 170-1

‘Provisional Revolutionary Soviet Government’, the 114

Puolanka 152

Raate road, action on 159-60, 162-5

Räsänen, Colonel 178 Red Army

German assessment of 14-5

weaknesses 16, 188-90

perception of 17

effect of purges on 25, 93, 189

tanks 61, 117, 119-20, 157, 159, 175, 192-5, 196, 245-6

invasion of Poland 63-5

invasion plans 92-3, 94-6, 98

intelligence 111-2

strength 113

mine clearance 117-8

ammunition shortages 118

politruki 118, 168, 169, 231, 241

Northern deployment 126

communications 155, 159

equipment shortages 155, 160

morale 157-8, 171, 181, 195, 229

rifles 161, 165

alcohol consumption 166

press-gangs 170

artillery tractors 177

equipment failures 177-8

mutinies 184

interaction doctrine 188-9

dual command 189, 205, 229

fuel shortages 192-3

command structure 193-4, 229

air cover 198

reorganization 203-5

assessments of performance 208-9

reforms 209, 240-2

motivation 228-9

deterioration 228

soldier’s status 231-2

Western press assessment of 232

tactical doctrine 235-7

Red Army formations

Army of Lapland 174

First Cavalry Army 93

First Finnish Corps 115-6

3rd NKVD Regiment 164-5

Seventh Army 113, 116-9, 125, 195, 204, 205, 239, 245

Eighth Army 175-88, 204, 239, 252

Ninth Army 152-74, 176, 195, 204, 239

X Rifle Corps 268

Thirteenth Army 205, 239, 245

Fourteenth Army 174, 204

18th Division 176, 178, 253-5

XLX Rifle Corps 116-8

24th Rifle Division 117-8

20th Tank Brigade 116

25th Regiment 159

XXVIII Rifle Corps 268

34th Tank Brigade 205, 254

44th Division 152, 157-60, 162-7, 167-8, 205, 209

L Rifle Corps 116, 118-9, 125, 126, 185, 249-51

54th Division 152, 172-4

56th Division 176, 190

70th Rifle Division 116-7

75th Rifle Division 185-8

81st Regiment 153, 155

86th Regiment 160

88th Division 152, 174

100th Division 249-50

104th Division 174

122nd Division 152, 174

123rd Division 249-51

138th Division 192

139th Division 176, 180-5, 187-8

142nd Rifle Division 118

155th Division 176, 181

163rd Division 152-8, 160, 160-2

168th Division 176, 178

173rd Division 265

356th Regiment 160

364th Rifle Regiment 181, 184

609th Regiment 184

662nd Regiment 153, 155, 160

718th Rifle Regiment 182

759th Regiment 155, 160-1

Red Navy

Baltic fleet 49, 77, 117, 126-7, 204, 252

submarine fleet 127, 132-3

Reuters 131

Ribbentrop, Joachim 40, 56, 59, 71, 75, 135, 263, 266

Romania 280

Roosevelt, Franklin D 15, 89-90, 143-4, 235, 248

Roosevelt, Kermit 235

Rosen, Count von 134, 258, 264

Rovaniemi 174

Russo-Finnish negotiations 74-80, 83-6, 98, 99-100, 100-2

Russo-Polish War, 1919-20 56, 114

Ryti, Risto 33-4, 123, 212, 213, 265, 267-8, 269

Salla 174

Salmi 176

Sandler, Rickard 37-8, 41, 81, 217, 281

Sargent, Orme 146

Scandinavian mutual security 80-2, 86-7

Scandinavian neutrality 36-8, 48, 82, 279

Schulenburg, Friedrich von 100, 210, 229

Seeds, Sir William 209

Setter, Karl 70

Shaposhnikov, Boris Mikhailovich 94-6, 125

Sharov, Colonel 155

Sherwood, Robert E. 249

Shostakovitch, Dmitri 98

Sibelius, lean 98, 232

Sihvo, General 42

Siilasvuo, Colonel Hjalmar 155-7, 158, 159, 160, 161, 165, 171

Sirola, Yrjö Eljas 44

Smigly-Rydz, Marshal Edward 65

Smolny institute, the 83

Snow, Thomas 255

Social Democratic Party 27, 35, 83

Solov’ev, Mikhael 235-7

Sormula 124

Sortavala 14, 175, 176

Soviet Air Force 121-2, 123, 204

Soviet-Polish non-aggression pact, 1934 64-5

Soviet Union

‘shadowing’ of Germany 14

objectives 15

international isolation 15-6

fear of Germany 16, 39-40

status 16-7

territorial policy 16, 53-4, 68, 71, 76-80

relations with Finland 23

purges 24-5, 45, 46, 93, 189

border with Finland 27, 28-9, 77, 79, 84-5

population 31, 188

trade with Finland 31

economy 31-2

industrial production 32

view of Finland 32

and the Åland Islands 36-7

lack of intelligence concerning Finland 43-4

Finnish émigrés 45-6

alliance negotiations 47-9

Finnish policy 48, 57-9, 210-1, 212-3

territorial demands 53

threats facing 55-6, 79, 84

and Poland 56, 57-9

Anglo-French-Russian military conversations 56-9

invasion of Poland 63-5, 67-8

occupation of Poland 68-9

the Secret Protocol 69

occupation of the Baltic states 69-71

demands 76-80, 84-5

relations with the USA 88-90

contingency plan 92-3

invasion plans 94-6, 98

preparations for invasion 97-9, 102

launches invasion operations 105-7

requests German aid 132-3, 144

expulsion from League of Nations 140

Scandinavian policy 217-8

morale 229

war gains 278-9

expansion 280-1 Spanish Civil War 16, 65-7

St Petersburg: see Leningrad (St Petersburg)

Stalin, Josef

purges 24-5, 46

territorial policy 28

on Finland 43

and the Baltic states 69

and the Russo-Finnish negotiations 76-80, 84-5, 101

orders invasion plan 92-3

and Shaposhnikov 95

dual command 189

authorises the Shaposhnikov plan 203-4

Stein, Boris 51-2, 55

Stepanov, Commander 185, 187

Stockholm conference 80-2

strategic situation, December 203-8

Studie Nord 261-2, 264

Suite on Finnish Themes, A (Shostakovitch) 98

Summa 108, 198, 238, 239, 257

Summa, battle for 192-6

Sundvall, Urbo 105

Suojärvi 176, 179

Suomussalmi, battle for 152-8, 160-2

Supreme War Council 13, 60, 145-6, 207-8, 225, 244-5

Susitaival, Lieutenant Colonel Paavo 153, 155

Suursaari (Hogland), island of 48, 52

Suvanto, Lake 124

Sweden

border with Soviet Union 29

and Finland 37-8

Fenno-Swedish collective security convention 51

and the Russo-Finnish negotiations 75, 86-7

Stockholm conference 80-2

arms shipments to Finland 133-4, 206

iron ore 141-3, 145-7

response to invasion of Finland 150

and mediation attempts 212-3

and peace negotiations 258-9

pressure on 217-9, 225

and Germany 264

and Baltic tensions 281

Swedish Navy 127

Swedish People’s Party 26

Swedo-Finnish military cooperation 37-8

Sztójay, General Döme 134-5

Taipale 120, 238

Taipale River 108, 118, 124-6, 125-6, 185

Taipale sector feint attack 191-2

Tallin 70

Talvela, General Paavo 178-80, 181, 185, 188, 257, 267

Tampere 14 tanks 61, 117, 119-20, 157, 159, 175, 192-5, 196, 245-6

Tanner, Väinö

background 27, 32-3

political task 34-5

meeting with Yartsev 42

alliance negotiations with Soviet Union 47

visit to Stockholm 51

and the Russo-Finnish negotiations 83-7, 100

government reorganization 122-3

and mediation attempts 209, 213, 256

and peace negotiations 258, 264

on Snow 255

Tartu, Treaty of, 1920 28, 52, 74, 100

TASS 141, 144

Teittinen, Colonel 190

Terijoki 115, 116-7, 123

Thirty Years’ War 38

Thyssen, Fritz 141

Tilsit, Treaty of, 1807 38

The Times 131, 234

Timoshenko, Semyon Konstantinovich 204-5, 209, 235-7, 240-2