Orlando Figes - The Crimean War

Tolycheva, Tatyana, escape from Sevastopol

Tomkinson, Capt (Light Bde), winter (1854 – 55)

Topal Umer Pasha (allied governor of Evpatoria)

Torrens, Gen Sir Arthur Wellesley (4th Division)

Totleben, Eduard (military engineer) comment on the French army defence of Sevastopol retires wounded

travelogues, impressions of Russia and the East

Trebizond, import of British manufactured goods

trench warfare allied armies after Malakhov and Redan failure daily shelling in allied trenches fraternization with Russians night raids on allied trenches shooting games trench digging trench fatigue/madness see also Sevastopol

Triple Alliance (1856)

Tunisian troops

Turco-Russian War see Crimean War

Turgenev, Ivan: support for Bulgarians Tolstoy and

Turkestan

Turkey see Ottoman Empire

Turks, a minority in the Ottoman Empire

Tuscany, monarch restored

typhus: French army inside Sevastopol

Ukraine: in possession of Crimea (1954) Russia gains possession of Ruthenian (Uniate) Catholics

Ultramontane (Clerical) party (France)

uniforms, belligerant armies

Union franc-comtoise (newspaper)

United States of America: relations with Great Britain relations with Russia sends warships to Eastern Mediterranean (1946)

Unkiar-Skelessi, Treaty of (1833), secret clause

Urquhart, David: anti-Russian agitation in Constantinople free trade speeches member of parliament Palmerston and Polish sympathies sympathy for Turkey and Islam trade mission to Turkey England, France, Russia and Turkey Turkey and Its Resources

Urusov, Prince S. S. (adjutant to Gen Osten-Sacken)

Uspensky, Porfiry, Archimandrite

Uvarov, Sergei

Uvazhnov-Aleksandrov, Colonel, shortlived command of Soimonov’s Division

Vaillant, Marshal (French Minister of War) council of war with allied leaders (1855)

Vanson, Lt, ‘souvenirs’ of Sevastopol

Vantini, Giuseppe see Yusuf, General

Varna: British and French troops cholera outbreak drunkenness among troops fire caused by arsonists Turkish army

Verney, Sir Harry, Our Quarrel with Russia

Viazmitinov, Anatoly, in the Zherve battery

Vicars, Capt Hedley (Ninety-Seventh Regiment)

Victor Emmanuel: King of Piedmont-Sardinia war with Austria (1859) King of Italy Crimean War paintings

Victoria, Queen of Great Britain: Tsar Nicholas and description of Napoleon III political judgement of attitude to Russian invasion of Turkey comment on Clarendon abdication threat religious sympathies with Greeks sees necessity of war declaration of War on Russia (1854) knitting for soldiers calls Palmerston to form a government (1855) comments on the death of Tsar Nicholas does not trust Russian diplomatic moves not ready to end war and the Franco-Austrian peace ultimatum Napoleon III writes on alternative plans for war Serpent Island incident (1856) unhappy with the Crimean peace first Victoria Cross investiture collector of photographic memorabilia buys The Roll Call

Victoria Cross, institution of

Viel-Castel, Horace de, on France as a great power

Vienna Conference (1853), peace terms offered to Russia

Vienna Conference (1855)

Vienna, Congress of (1815)

Villafranca, secret deal (France/Austria)

Ville de France (French ship)

Vitzthum von Eckstädt, Karl Friedrich, Count (Saxon Minister to London)

Vixen (British schooner), gun-running to Circassia

Vladimir, Saint, Grand Prince of Kiev desecration of church of

Vladimirescu, Tudor

Vladivostok

Voennyi sbornik (military journal)

Volkonsky, Sergei

Voltaire, Catherine the Great and

Vorntsov, Count Semyon

Vorontsov, Prince Mikhail and Franco-Austrian peace proposals as governor-general in the Crimea palace hit by naval shells

Vyazemsky, Prince Pyotr, criticisms of the war

Walewski, Alexandre Joseph, Count (French Foreign Minister); council of war with allied leaders (1855) and Napoleon’s threat of revolutionary war Paris Peace Congress (1856) Polish independence possible peace talks with Russia Serpent Island incident (1856)

Wallachia autonomy granted (1829) cereal exports to Britain debated at Paris Peace Congress (1856) hospodar ordered to reject Turkish rule preliminaries to Crimean War (1853) repressive occupation by Russians Russian occupation of (1829 – 34) Russian response to 1848 revolution see also Romania

Wallachian volunteers, desert from Russian army

war graves, Sevastopol

war memorials: in Britain in France in Sevastopol

war tourism see also Duberly, Fanny; spectators

Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of

White, Charles, Turcophile pamphlets

White Sea, theatre of war

White Works redoubts (Sevastopol)

Wightman, Trooper (17th Lancers)

Williams, General William, in command in Kars

Wilson, Capt (Coldstream Gds), at Inkerman

Wilson, Sir Robert, Sketch of the Military and Political Power of Russia in the Year 1817

winter (1854 – 5); in prospect in actuality the hurricane

Wodehouse, John (British ambassador in St Petersburg)

women: attempts to Westernize Turkish womens dress by the Sultan British army wives cantinières Dasha Sevastopolskaia (the heroine of Sevastopol) leaving Sevastopol in Sevastopol spectators at Alma spectators at Balaklava see also nurses and nursing

Wood, Midshipman Evelyn, letters home

Woods, Nicholas (war correspondent), report on Inkerman dead

Wrangel, Lt-Gen Baron (cavalry commander), at Evpatoria

Yalta Conference (1945)

Yenikale see Kerch, allied raid (1855)

Ye ilköy see San Stefano

York, Prince Frederick, Duke of, memorial column

Young, William (British consul)

Young Turks

Ypsilantis, Alexander

Yusuf, General, of Spahis d’Orient

Zamoyski, Wladislav: Czartoryski’s agent in London the ‘Sultan’s Cossacks’

Zherve Battery, fight for possession

Zhukovsky, Vasily, tutor to Alexander II

ORLANDO FIGES is the author of The Whisperers , Natasha’s Dance , and A People’s Tragedy , which have been translated into over twenty languages. The recipient of the Wolfson History Prize and the Los Angeles Times Book Award, among others, Figes is a professor of history at Birkbeck College, University of London.

‘Engrossing… In a book densely packed with incident, Figes highlights the influence of the press and the brutal casualties that the war produced… Could make a hardened war correspondent’s blood run cold.’

‘Important and impressive… it is freshly informed by Russian sources, of which [Figes] is a master…. [ The Crimean War ] admirably narrates the saga in its international and religious setting.’

‘Meticulously researched… Comprehensive and compelling… Using a startling array of sources, from government records, news articles, and memoirs, to the letters of barely-literate soldiers, Figes deftly balances political, military, and social history… The chapters on the war itself are as gripping as an adventure novel… The Crimean War is an evisceration of war, a celebration of scholarship.’

‘Fascinating… Narrative history at its best, with patient unfolding of events unknown and forgotten--but that have consequences even today. A thoroughly impressive book.’

‘A lucid, thoroughly satisfying, definitive history.’

‘Narrated in fearsomely vivid detail and with analytical precision… Figes restores historical significance and human suffering to the conflict.’