Надежда Обвинцева: Verbal Relations in English Grammar

Effective English language communication usually requires that each sentence contains a subject and a predicate. The subject is sometimes defined as a person, a place, or a thing. The predicate conveys an understanding of the action expressed, or the state of the subject.

Subjectand predicateare the functions of the words or phrases, they are usually expressed by the parts of speech or phrases which they form. Function is a relational concept. For example: A lot of people have visited this event. When we say that a lot of people is subject we are describing the relation between it and have visited , or between it and the whole clause. It is the subject of the clause, not simply a subject. It is expressed by the Noun phrase. And the predicate in this sentence is expressed by the verb. [1]

The traditional term ‘parts of speech’ applies to what we call categories of words and lexemes.

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