Simon Hawke: The Merchant of Vengeance

Smythe sighed. “Nevertheless, I feel at least in part to blame. ‘Twas I who dragged you here, and more’s the pity.”

“And ‘twas Robert Greene who took it in his head to dress me down,” responded Shakespeare. “He could have greeted me in friendship as a colleague, but instead he chose to upbraid me for having the audacity to improve upon his work. Well, as it happens, his criticism was not entirely without merit. I am not a university man, and as such may indeed be regarded as ’an upstart crow‘ by the academic poets, his fellow masters of the arts. ’Beautified with the feathers of his betters.‘ I must say, Greene may have become a bloated old sot, but soused or not, he still knows how to turn a phrase.”

“‘Twas a vile phrase, a most vile phrase, indeed!” said Smythe as they walked. “And I must disagree with you that his criticism was not without merit. I say ’twas completely without merit! Why, how can you possibly say otherwise!”

“But I did rewrite some of his plays.”

“You rewrote some speeches here and there, and that only because the company had asked you to, for they were not working well on the stage,” said Smythe. “For God’s sake, Will, must I defend you to yourself? Greene’s plays are full of pompous posturings and pretentious speeches that tend to ridicule the very audiences to whom he purports to play. The truth of the matter is that he fancies himself a grand literary poet superior to all but others like himself, the so-called ‘masters of the arts,’ if you will. Masters of conceit, if you ask me! Well, unfortunately for Master Greene, a university degree does not, apparently, elevate one above the mundane task of eating, and so for sustenance he must write plays and publish pamphlets, not for other university men such as himself, whose patronage could not support him, but for the groundlings, common people like ourselves, for whom it seems he has nothing but contempt. But then we mere mortals are not quite so ignorant as he supposes, and when he continually ridicules us in his plays, we respond accordingly and begin to look elsewhere for our entertainments. Aye, even to ‘upstart crows’ who may lack the advantages of a university degree, but at least do not bite the hands that feed them!”

“Upon my word, Tuck, that was as fine a speech as any Robert Greene could ever hope to write,” said Shakespeare.. “I can only hope that I might do as well one day.”

“I have every confidence that you shall do much better.”

“You are a kind soul, Tuck, if not quite an honest one. Nevertheless, I do esteem you for your kindness. But ‘twould seem now that you no longer admire Greene’s work, yet prior to this, I think you did. I am sorry this encounter has soured you on him.”

“‘Tis the man that I have soured on, more so than the work, although in truth, after this insufferable exhibition, I doubt that I shall be purchasing any more of his pamphlets at the bookstalls. However, what I had said about his plays was what I had felt about his plays, even prior to this encounter. I was never very fond of them. ’Twas his pamphlets that I liked. They seemed much more direct and colourful, and not at all pretentious. He may write well, I do not know, for I do not presume to be a judge upon such matters, but as for how his work plays on the stage before an audience, one need not be a learned university man to be able to determine that. His plays have not done well for us. At least, not until you had doctored them somewhat. And even then, they have not drawn much of an audience, unlike Marlowe, who packs them in with his Tamburlaine and his Doctor Faustus and his Jew of Malta . His plays are so exciting that people cannot seem to get enough of him.”

“Aye, for an Englishman, Kit is very much a Roman,” Shakespeare said with a smile. “He gives them bread and circuses upon the stage. And therein, Tuck, lies the rub, you see. The audiences for plays have changed. Perhaps men such as Tom Kyd and Kit Marlowe have changed them by whetting their appetites for something new, a brew more heady than the small beer they have hitherto imbibed. Perhaps these new poets have merely responded to their jaded appetites for something more by perceiving their thirst and thus pouring stronger beverage for them. Either way, there is no question that Greene’s day has come and gone. In their excesses on the stage, Kyd and Marlowe have exceeded him, so to speak. What remains to be seen now is what shall exceed them.”

“It seems difficult to believe that anything could be much more excessive than Kit Marlowe,” Smythe said wryly.

Shakespeare grinned, knowing it was not just Marlowe’s plays Smythe was referring to. The flamboyant young poet’s name had become nearly synonymous with debauchery and decadence. After a chance encounter with them in a London pub, it was Marlowe who had steered them toward their first jobs with a company of players. He had seemed like a wild man then, and in the few intervening years he had only grown even more rebellious and intemperate. Although his plays were now all the rage in London, he was treading on very dangerous ground with his outrageous behaviour and public utterances.

“Marlowe has only cracked open the door,” said Shakespeare. “It remains for someone else to kick it open fully. I have said before, and I believe it still, that the time for jigs and pratfalls on the stage is past. Each new production of an old standby from our traditional repertoire falls flatter than the last. The groundlings have seen such things before, and they are tired of them. They are ready now for something different, something better. Marlowe, for all his cleverness and undoubted gifts, only gives them something much more grand. He gives them spectacle, which is why Ned Alleyn so relishes playing his work. Marlowe writes speeches that a bombastic player like Ned can seize between his teeth and tear into like a rabid hound. The audiences love it. ‘Strewth, I love it, as well. When he is fully in his element, Ned is a joy to watch, for all that he can often be insufferable to know. Yet mark me well, it shall not be very long before the novelty of Marlowe’s grand excesses also starts to pale, and then what shall we feed these hungry groundlings?”

“What?” asked Smythe with interest.

“Meat,” said Shakespeare. ‘We shall feed them meat.“

“Meat?”

“Aye, once they are done with bread and circuses, my friend, they shall want meat. Something with more sustenance and substance. And I shall do my utmost to provide it for them.”

“And just how do you propose to do that?”

“By being a very careful cook,” said Shakespeare, “and not just tossing things haphazardly into a pot without giving due consideration to how the flavours marry. ‘Tis that blend of flavours that gives a dish its fullest texture. Consider Marlowe’s Tamburlaine , if you will, the very apotheosis of cruelty. Not since the ancient Greeks have we seen such terrible savagery portrayed upon the stage. And then witness Barabas, Marlowe’s Jew of Malta. He slaughters more people than Caligula, each murder more gruesome than the last, until he meets his end in the last act by falling into a cauldron of hot oil and thereupon delivers his final speech, all whilst being boiled alive, mind you! Now I ask you, Tuck., as a man who has worked long hours at the forge and doubtless knows, how likely is one to declaim a bombastic, dying soliloquy whilst one’s flesh is being cooked?”

Smythe chuckled. “Not very likely, I fear. When one’s flesh is being burned, one is much more likely to scream with agony than deliver up a fustian speech. Bur then the audiences do not seem to mind that overmuch.”

“Granted, ‘tis because they are being given something different, something novel,” Shakespeare said. “And they are hungry for such novelty at present. But in time, methinks that they shall look upon such things askance. Tamburlaine is cruelty made manifest in man, but how is man made manifest in Tamburlaine? Barabas, as we have agreed, is the very embodiment of evil, but take away that evil and what do you have left?”